全国英语等级笔全真预测卷四

笔试全真预测试卷四第一部分听力第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的[A]、[B]、[C]三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatcanwelearnfromthedialogue[A]Johnwasexpectedtocomeyesterday．[B]Johndidn’tcomebecausehewasill．[C]ThewomanwasJohn’smother．2．Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisexam[A]Heishappy．[B]Hedoes_disibledevent=""/>

11．According to the report，where did the spacecraft splash down

[A]In the Atlantic Ocean．

[B]Six miles from Hawaii．

[C]145 railes from Hawaii．

[D]On an aircraft carrier．

12．Where WOuld the astronauts join with their families

[A]Aboard the aircraft carrier

[B]Aboard the Air Force helicopter．

[C]In HoUSton．

[D]In Hawaii．

13．How long had the astronauts been in space

[A]For two davs．

[B]For three days．

[C]For twelve days．

[D]For fifteen days．

Questions l4～16 are based on n talk about graffiti，an art form for some people or violence forothers．You now have l5 seconds to read Questions l4～J6．

14．What do women’S liberation groups in Britain do with graffiti

[A]Rally support for their movement．

[B]Liberate women from tedious housework．

[C]Claim their rights to equal job opportunities．

[D]Express their anger against sex discrimination．

15．What do some New Yorkers think of graffiti

[A]It will bring a lot of trouble to the local people．

[B]It is a popular form of art．

[C]It will spoil the natural beauty of their surroundings．

[D]It is popular among rock stars．

16．Why does the speaker cite the example of graffiti in the London underground

[A]To show that mindless graffiti can provoke violence.

[B]To show that Londoners haye a special liking for graffiti.

[C]To show that graffiti，in some cases，can constitute a crime．

[D]To show that graffiti can make the environment more colorful.

17．What do we learn about the woman

[A]She Dlans to divorce．

[B]She has divorced several times.

[C]She is a mother of more than one．

[D]She is a strong advocate of feminism.

18．According to the woman，which of the following smtements lS true

[A]Divorce is to be entered into seriously．

[B]Children’s needs are ignored after parents get divorced.

[C]Most famous people look on divorce as a serious mfltter.

[D]A bad marriage is better for children than a divorce.

19．What does the woman think of fixing a marriage

[A]]EverY means should be tried before some marriages are fixed.

[B]Fixing a marriage is like changing a tire．

[C]A fixed marriage is not easily broken any more．

[D]Some marriages can never be fixed．

20．The woman thinks it more important for society to__________.

[A]understand the choice of divorced people

[B]give more financial support to single mothers

[C]helD divorced people share the loss and build a new life

[D]1et single mothers share the chance of a better marriage

21．rA]rather than[B]rather than of[C]rather…than of[D]not of

22．[A]of these[B]of that[C]of a person[D]of those

23．[A]in his mme [B]to his name[C]under the name of[D]in their name 24．[A]nation[B]country[C]nationality[D]national

25．[A]in [B]of[C]under[D]with

26．[A]accepted[B]accepting[C]accepting as[D]accepted as 27．[A]charges[B]transforms[C]tums[D]transfers

28．[A]is[B]has long been[C]are[D]have long been

29．[A]donation[B]giving[C]sending[D]contribution

30．[A]that[B]what[C]which[D]in which

31．[A]amounts[B]numbers[C]amount[D]number

32．[A]few[B]some people[C]many people[D]many others

33．[A]may[B]can[C]must[D]are obliged to

34．[A]to him[B]to them[C]to her[D]to US

35．[A]improve[B]change[C]care[D]alleviate

36．[A]talk[B]persuade[C]say[D]convinced

37．[A]non-violent[B]violent[C]inviolent[D]noviolent

38．[A]proceeded[B]pioneered[C]processed[D]possessed

39．[A]variety[B]kinds[C]sorts[D]various

40．[A]the poor people[B]the black[C]Jesus[D]Christians

41．At first，NASA is__________private citizen’S space travel．

[A]for

[B]against

[C]indifferent to

[D]hesitant about

42．The time between American businessman Dennis Tito’s and a South African businessman Mark Shuttleworth’space travel is__________．

[A]one year

[B]two years

[C]three vears

[D]four years

43．NASA thinks space travellers must__________to do private space travel．

[A]observe safety measures carefully

[B]have a new desire to use space vehicles for civilian travel

[C]negotiate with Russia or NASA

[D]be as rich as Dennis Tito and Mark Shuttleworth

44．If a person really wants to go to the space station，he or she should spend——in total．

[A]$200000

[B]twelve million dollars

[C]twentv million dollars

[D]more than twenty million dollars

45．Those who want to travel in the space should__________．

[A]afford the expenses of the space trip

[B]pass the health check and physical training

[C]speak English

[D]all of the above

46．The writer quotes Shakespeare mainly to__________．

[A]praise the keen perception of the great English writer

[B]support Dr Frisoni’s theory about a disease

[C]start the discussion on a brain disease

[D]show the long history of the disease

47．The word“regression”in the first paragraph is best replaced by__________．

[A]backward movement

[B]uncontrolled inclination

[C]rapid advancement

[D]unexpected restoration

48．After contracting frontotemporal dementia，the 68-year-old lawyer__________．

[A]became more dependent on his family

[B]grew fond of classical music

[C]recovered from language incompetence

[D]enjoyed loud Italian popular music

49．Frontotemporal dementia is a disease__________．

[A]identified with loss of memory

[B]causing damage to certain parts of the brain

[C]whose patients may develop new talents

[D]wbose symptoms are similar to those of Alzheimer’s patients

50．Dr Frisoni attributed the patients’changing muslc taste to__________．

[A]man’S desire to seek Dovel experience

[B]the damage to the left part of the brain

[C]the shift of predominance from the right lobe to the left

[D]the weakening of some part of the nervous system

51．Which of the following is true aceording to the text

[A]All the patients whom Dr Starzl operated on died on the operating table．

[B]To Dr Starzl it waS very discouraging that his first liver transplant failed．

[C]Many doctors had performed organ transplant before Dr Starzl．

[D]Dr Starzl didn’t give up even though he had failed in his attempts．

52．One factor causing death on organ transplantation is__________．

[A]heavy bleeding during surgery

[B]destruction of patients’immune system

[C]objection from patients to taking organs of others

[D]doctors’Iack of confidence

53．In the US，there is fl long waiting list for organs because——．

[A]there is a shortage of actual organs

[B]only a few people become organ donors

[C]doctors have set a limit to the number of organ recipients

[D]transplant surgery is still experimental

54．There would be many more organ donors if__________．

[A]laws are designed to encourage organ recycling

[B]people can’t legally prevent a family member from donating his organ

[C]doctors are more willing to ask for donations

[D]transplant surgery is more successful

55．The best title for this passage might be“__________”．

[A]Dr Starzl and Transplant Surgeons

[B]Transplant Surgery in the US

[C]The Future of Transplant Surgery

[D]Success in Transplant Surgery and Shortage of Organs

Darts of the United states．For these great numbers of new Americans，New York had to provide homes’ goods and services．Their labor helped the city become great．

56．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage

[A]Development of Transportation in New York．

[B]Exports and Imports of New York．

[C]How New York Became America’S Largest City

[D]How New York Exchanged with Europe

57．Which of the following respects did NOT help New York become the most famous city

[A]Cuhure．

[B]History．

[C]ECOnomics．

[D]Geographical location．

58．Which of the following statements iS true

[A]The Erie Canal connected Lake Erie and the Hudson River．

[B]Economists are for the opinion that places where farming is done are good for making rawmaterials into finished goods．

[C]Wagons drawn by horses or oxen Soon proved better and cheaper than canal transportation．

[D]The coming of the railroads caused New York to become less important as a shipping center．

59．Freight costs were reduced to 10％of what they had been because of__________．

[A]the decline in taxes

[B]the construction of the railroads

[C]the construction of the Erie Canal

[D]the development of industry

60．Why were passengers from Europe able to travel to New York SO cheaply

[A]Because the ships were over-croWded on the trip back to New York

[B]Because shipping companies were eager to fill their ships with passengers on the return trip fromEurope．

[C]Because the shipping companies wanted to develop travelling industry in New York．

[D]Because few Europeans longed to visit New York．

Section IV Writing

(35 minutes)

66．Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay on it．In your essay，you should

1)describe the carto071 briefly，

2)analyze this situation，and

3)give your comTq'tents．

You should write I 60200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2．

笔试全真预测试卷(四)听力原文

Part A

Henrv Alfred Kissinger was born in Germany of Jewish nationality on May 27，1 923．He came to the United States in l938 and became a US citizen in l943．He served in the US Army in World War II from1943 to 1946．He studied political science at Harvard University and got his doctoral degree there．He also taught there from l954 until l969．He was a unique teacher and admired by his students．

Dr KissirIger entered government service in l969 and eventually became the most celebrated American Secretarv of State since Thomas Jefferson．He was chief foreign policy advisor and Secretary of State to Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford．Among Kissinger’s achievements were the restoration of US relations with the People’s Republic of China and the arrangement—by“shuttle diplomacy”一0f a cease- fire between the Israelis and the Arabs in the Arab-Israeli War of 1973．He also negotiated a cease-fire in Vietnam and was awarded Nobel Peace Prize for l 973 for his role in US troops withdrawing from Vietnam．

Part B

Today’s lecture will include the most outstanding achievements in biology as it relates to the medicalsciences．

Earlv in Greek history，Hippocrates，who lived from 460 to 370 BC，began to study the human body and to apply scientific methods to the problems of diagnosis and the treatment of diseases．He kept careful records of symptoms and treatments，indicating the success or failure of the patient’s cure．He has been recognized as the father of modern medicine．

About a century later，Aristotle began fl scientific study of plants and animals，classifying more than five hundred types on the basis of body structure．Because of his great contribution to the field，Aristotle has been called the father of biology．

During the Middle Ages，scientific method was Scorned in favor of alchemy．Some scientists were even

imprisoned for carrying OUt their investigations．

ThUS,medicine and biology had advanced very little from the time of the ancients until the seventeenth century when the English physician and anatomist Wmiam Harvery discovered a mechanism for the circulation of the blood in the body．

By the end of the eighteenth century，Edward Jenner had discovered a vaccine against smallpox．His

contribution not only controlled the disease itself，but also established the science of immunization．

Louis Pasteur’s theories about germs and bacteria advanced in the nineteenth century are considered by many to be the greatest single contribution of biology to medicine．Within a few decades，the causes were isolated for such ancient diseases as leprosy，plague，diphtheria，and tuberculosis．

But the advances of the twentieth century in curative and preventive medicine and biology are far more n啪erous than all other periods combined．Consider that the sterilization of surgical instruments，largelyi the idea of Sir Joseph Lister，is fl process only 75 years old．Sulfur drugs，antibiotics，and X-rays are discoveries of the past 50 years．

Part C

Question ll～13 are based on a special TV news report about the three astronauts returning from a space flight．You now have l5 seconds to read Questions 11～13．

We interrupt this program to bring you a special news bulletin-The three astronauts have splashed down safely in the Pacific Ocean，145 miles southwest of Hawaii，only six miles from the aircraft carrier that was dispatched for the recovery mission．The space capsule floated down on three parachutes and landed right-side-up in the water．Mission Contr01in Houston，which is in constant communication with the astronauts，confirmed that the parachutes and landing systems had functioned properly．Mission Control has advised the astronauts to remain inside the capsule until they are lifted aboard the aircraft carrier．An Air Force helicopter is already hovering above the capsule and seven divers are in the process of attaching lines to the spacecraft．The astronauts have returned after fifteen days in space．Possibly one of the most important accomplishments of this mission was the extensive photographing of the sun’s surface．After two days of physical examinations and observation，the astronauts will fly to Houston where they will be reunited with their families．They plan to return to Mission Control on Thursday to hold a news eonference．

Ladies and gentlemen，we have confirmation that the astronauts are now aboard the aircraft carrier． They seem to be in very good condition as they prepare for the welcoming ceremonies．For more about the splash-down．watch the seven 0’clock news report on Channel l2，NBC．

Questions l4～16 are based on a talk about graffiti，an art form for some people or violence for others．

‰now have l5 seconds to read Questions 14～16．

Graffiti is drawing or writing often found in a wall in public places．These drawings and writings are usually rude，humorous，or political．The words“graffiti”comes from an Italian word meaning address． Graffiti provides a record of the past because people have written on walls for centuries．Cave drawings are the earliest examples we have of the art of graffiti．

Writing on walls is a way to comment on the world we live in．Women’s liberation groups in Britain， for example，have used graffiti to show their anger at the sex discrimination of many advertisements where women’s bodies are used to sell goods．

Yesterday’s graffiti can be today’s foreign attraction．When the Berlin wall came down in l989，people found that it was covered with graffiti from all over the world．Graves of famous people，like rock-star Jim Morrison，are covered with written messages from fans．

Graffiti is also a popular art form．Graffiti pictures have gained respect in artistic circles．Today， graffiti is likely to be found hanging inside modern New York apartments as well as in downtown streets． In New York．graffiti pictures have been sold for hundreds or thousands of doliars．Graffiti artists have been paid to use their art to brighten up dull environments．

But graffiti can bring us trouble．Scenes of natural beauty and important landmarks have been spoiled by mindless graffiti．The London underground authority has spent about 2 million pounds a year on removing graffiti from trains and stations．If you are caught doing it，you can be sent to prison．In Britain， the maximum sentence for this type of crime is ten years．

Whether you think graffiti is mindless violence against property，or a living art form，its popularity　suggests that it is here to stay．

Questions l 7～20 are based On a radio infervieW about diVarce．you now have 20 seconds to read Questions17～20．

M：Dear audiences，today we’11 talk about divorce and its effect on children．Our guest is Jennifer Benzes. Thank you for comin9，Jennifer．Do you mind saying something about your divorce

W：N0．I got divorced years ago．Even worse，I got divorced when I had small children．

M：Have you thought of the effect divorce may have on your childrenTheir needs can be forgotten as

parents are struggling to reestablish their lives．

W：Of course，we hve．We are definitely more aware of the impact on children．After all we are not faInous people who trade spouses like shoes．For most of US divorce is not entered into lightly．We all suffer．Anyway，we try to comfort our children．

M：How

W：We tell them we love them and will always do． M：You haven’t thought of saving the marriage

W：Yes，we have．We would do anything to spare our children pain．But you know，fixing a marriage ls

not like changing a tire．Family conflicts may take hold like a cancer．

M：Then divorce is the only way to get rid of it．

W：It’s true with me．Others may succeed in fixin9．

M：Yet m0st peOple belleve a bad marriage is better for children than a divorce．According to a recent pool,nlore people today think parents should stay together for the sake of the children．What do you think

W：I think the cOst of staying together is worse than the benefits．Parents quarrelling and fighting all daymay do more harm to their children．

M：What do you want society to do for you

W：Understand us，not curse us．More importantly，they should help US share the loss and build a better

futllre

笔试全真预测试卷(四)答案与解析

Section I Listening Comprehension

Part A

1．Jewish。独自第一句话即用of Jewish mtionality(犹太民族)说明了基辛格的民族。注意nationality在此不是“国籍”，因为Germany在下面的Birthplace(出生地)一栏中出现了。另外，考生应注意表格中的信,gjl颐序并不是材料中信息交代的顺序。

2．P0litical。答案在独白第四句：He studied political science…(他在哈佛大学学习政治学)。

3．Harvard。答案对应于独白第五句：He also taught there from l954 until l969，其中there就是指上一句中的Harvard Unive。sity。独自中只出现了这一个大学名，考生要注意的还是信息出现的顺序问题。

4．Government。答案信息位于第七句：Dr Kissinger entered government service in l969。

5．1973。独自最后一句指出了基辛格获得诺贝尔奖的时间是1973年。该句中只出现了这一个时间，考

生要听清的是它与事件之间的对应关系。

Part B

6．modern medicine。答案信息对应于独白第四句：He has been…the father of modern medicine。因为

该段谈论的就是古希腊的Hippocrates，所以此句中的He指代的就是他。

7．Plants and animals。独白第五句中指出：Aristotle began a scientific study of plants and animals，题目只是变成特殊疑问句，针对此句中的介词宾语提问。

8．The seventeenth／17th(century)。独白首先谈到了Hippocrates，然后是Aristotle，接着在独白中部谈到了William Harvery。本题对应于独自中一句....until the seventeenth century when…William Harvery discovered…，考生可以用阿拉伯数字以提高答题速度和准确性。

9．gern幡and bacteria。独自倒数第二段谈及的是Louis Pasteur，其中第一句话即指出：Louis Pasteur’S theories about germs and bacteria advanced…，题目只是表达稍有不同。

10．far more nnnlernllks。独自最后一段将20世纪医学和生物的进步与前面谈及的各个阶段的发展进行了对比，其中第一句说：But the advances of the twentieth century…are far more numerous than…，即20世纪的进步要比以前各个阶段加起来还多得多。

Part C

11．[C]。这是一则新闻报道。在报道的第二句中，说话者明确指出：The three astronauts have splashed down safely in the Pacific Ocean，145 miles southwest of Hawaii…(三名宇航员安全降落在离夏威夷西南145英里的太平洋上……)。对照选项，不难发现只有[C]符合原文。

12．[C]。独白在整体说明了宇航员降落情况之后，独白又介绍了任务控制中心的说法，以及对于空间舱的打捞和接回宇航员们的情况，然后介绍了一些必要的背景知识，最后才回到宇航员们身上来，其中有一句指出：…the astronauts will fly to Houston where they will be reunited with their families，说明他们是到Huston后才和家人汇合。听清了这一句就不难选出正确答案。

13．[D]。本题虽然也是细节题，但由于其对应的信息出现并没有按照题目顺序来，所以不少考生出现了误选。其实，在介绍背景知识时，独自中有一句：The astronauts have returned after fifteen days in space，因此本题答案就是[D]。

14．[D]。独自谈论的是涂鸦艺术的起源、作用及给社会带来的利弊。在第二段第二句中指出：Women’S llberation groups…have used graffiti to show their anger at the sex discrimination…，即妇女解放团体用涂鸦来表达她们对性别歧视的愤慨，[D]只是将show改成了express。

15．[B]。独自第四段谈论的是涂鸦是一种艺术形式，并以纽约为例，说明了人们对这种艺术形式的正面反应。综合这一段的内容可知[B]正确。

16．[C]。文章倒数第二段说的是涂鸦的反面作用，其中第一句(主题句)即指出涂鸦可能会带来麻烦，然后以伦敦地铁中的涂鸦及当局对此的惩罚措施为例，就是为了说明涂鸦有时会是一种犯罪行为，选[C]。

17．[C]。由第一个话轮中男士的最后一句话中的about your divorce可知女士已经离婚，而由女士回答韵后一句：I got divorced when I had small children可知她离婚时有不止一个小孩，因此[C]是正确答案。

18．[A]。本题实际上考查的是对第二个话轮中女士回答的理解。她在第四句话中指出：For most of US divorce is not entered into lightly，即大多数人并非随意离婚的，反过来就是说她认为应当严肃对待离婚，故[A]对。注意[B]是男士的观点，由女士在这一话轮的最后一句也可知女士并不这么认为。

l9．[D]。在第四个话轮中，女士指出弥合出现裂痕的婚姻并不像修补轮胎一样(简单)，并把家庭冲突比喻成癌症，而在下一个话轮中她又说有些人可能会成功地修复婚姻关系，因此综合起来可知应选[D]。

20．[C]。答案信息对应于女士的最后一句话：they should help US…a better future，其中的US指的就是以女士为代表的离婚者，选项中只有Ec]与这一句的意思最接近。

Section II Use of English

21．[B]。考查搭配与句子结构。rather than指“而不是”。由句子结构可知，这一句的完整形式应当是 It ls a matter of choice rather than(a matter)of birth，表示所有格的介词of不能省略，选[B]。

22．[D]。考查代词。由空格后定语从句谓语用的是复数形式可知先行词应为复数代词，它指代的又是

人，所以用those。注意these表示的是近指，但本句并不含近指义。

23．[A．]。考查固定搭配。in one’s name以某人的名义；to one’s name这种搭配不正确；under the name

of化名为，以…的名字；in their name中的their指代不明。

24．[C]。考查名词辨义。由句子结构可知填入的词应当与age(年龄)、race(种族)属于同一范畴，因此

选nationality(国籍，民族)。

25．[C]。考查介词和搭配。in可与care组成固定搭配in care of(由…转交)；of表示所有格或者性质，

with引出的是工具或者方式；它们都不合上下文逻辑。under the care of指“在…的照料或关心下”。

26．[D]。考查动词语态。由空格后引出施动者的by可知这里是用被动语态，而a Christian并非accept

的宾语，故要用as引出。因此本题答案是[D]。

27．[D]。考查动词辨义。charge收费，指控；transform使变形，使转化；turn转向，转变；transfer转移，

转化，调动。选项中只有[C]、[D]两项能直接跟介词to，但turn to指“变为，转向”，明显不合题意。

28．[B]。考查时态。由后文及常识可知这里应用完成时态，指“捐赠钱物给需要的人一向是基督教徒

生活的一部分”，而主语是分词形式，谓语要用单数，故选[B]。

29．[A]。考查名词辨义。donation捐赠物(尤指捐款)，捐献；giving给予(不可数)；sending发送，派遣(不可数)；contribution贡献，捐献物。易混淆的是[A]、[D]两项，但后者一般不用于指教会的捐款。

30．[C]。考查从句连接词。由句子结构可知这里是一个非限制性定语从句，而先行词是the、work(ofthe church)．因此连接词用which。

31．[A]。考查名词与搭配。指钱、金额时只能用amount，不能用number。由于主语用的是复数形式，

且根据常识可知其他基督教徒捐赠的比例应当是各不相同，因此amount应用复数形式。

32．[D]。考查代词用法与上下文理解。由前一分句中的some及两个分句之间意思的转折可知应填入 many others。其余三三项都不合上下文逻辑。

33．[D]。考查情态动词。may表示的是一种很小的可能性，“可以，也许”；can表示的是“能够”即有能力做某事；must表示的是一种必要性或者强制命令，“必须”；be obliged to指的是主动的“(感到)有义务做某事”。由下文文意可知[D]最恰当。

34．[B]。考查指代一致。由上下文不难看出这种观点应当属于那些觉得有义务来使世界变得更好的

基督教徒的，填入的代词应当指代前文中的many others，因此用to them。

35．[D]。考查动词辨义。improve改善，提高；change改变；care小心，照料，在意；alleviate减轻，缓和。由空格后的宾语和句意可知只能选[D]。

36．[B]。考查动词辨义与搭配。talk谈论，讲座(其后不跟不定式)；persuade sb．to do stlx指“劝说某人做某事”，符合题意；say说，讲(不跟人作宾语，也不跟不定式)；convince sb．to do sth．指“说服某人做某事”，含有成功义，但此处语态不对。

37．[A]。考查复合形容词的构成。由常识和句意可知甘地和马丁·路德·金等用的是非暴力抵抗手

段，而violent的反义词是non-violent，[C]、[D]两项词形都不对。

38．[B]。考查动词辨义。proceed继续进行，前进；pioneer开创，开发，倡导；process加工，处理，列队行进；possess拥有，具有。

39．[A]。考查名词与上下文理解。variety品种，多样化；kind种类；sort种类；various是形容词，不用于the…of这一搭配中。由上下文可知这里强调的是这些活动的多种多样，因此选[A]。

40．[D]。考查上下文理解。由于前文所述的都是基督教徒让世界得到改善的例子，且这一段第一句即说许多基督教徒认为他们有义务来使世界得到改善，因此此处当然也是总结说他们用于改善其他人生活状况的活动多种多样，故选[D]。

Section IIIReading Comprehension

Part A

Text l

41．[B]。分析推理题。文章第二段第二、三旬说：NASA had strongly objected to…，即NASA开始对于让平民百姓去国际空间站是强烈反对的。两年的谈判后才转变态度，因此选表示“反对”的against。

42．[A]。分析推理题。第二段第一句指出：Last April…，即美国商人Dennis Tito是去年四月去国际空间站的；而在第三段最后一句指出：In April…，即Shuttleworth先生将于(今年)四月去国际空间站旅行。两者之间的时间差距正好是一年，选[A]。

43．[A]。分析推理题。文章第四段首先通过专家的话解读了NASA新政策的意思，然后用该机构一位官员的话表明了NASA的态度。其中最后一句说:...as long as safety measures are observed carefully，表明了进行太空旅行的条件：严格遵守安全措施，故选[A]。

44．ED]。分析推理题。倒数第二段说明了进行太空旅行的费用。其中第二句指出培训费用是two hun&ed thousand dollars($200000)，而第三、四句说这还不包括去空间站的费用，在太空中度假的费用是 twenty million dollars($200000000)，因此总的费用是二者之和，选[D]。

45．[D]。细节题。文章最后两段说明了太空旅行者必备的条件。倒数第二段说明的是费用([A])；最后一段第一句说明的是健康([B])，第三、四句说明要懂英语([C])，因此本题答案是[D]。

Text 2

46．[C]。分析推理题。短文一开始就引用莎翁的话语，说他将老年描述成“第二个童年”：没有牙齿、眼睛和味觉(taste)。我们通读下文后发现，短文主旨谈论的却是一种跟taste(品位)相关的大脑疾病。根据篇章结构知识，我们不难推知作者引用莎翁话语的作用就是引入短文主旨，由此开始讨论这一疾病，因此本题答案就是[C]。其余各项都属于抓住原文中的词句进行的发挥，不是作者引用的目的。

47．[A]。词句理解题。本题理解的关键是该词后的部分，它补充解释了该词的意思：if not to infancy， then at least to a patient’S teens(即便不到婴儿时期，至少也会到病人的十几岁时)，说明regression指的是一种“倒退，退化”，因此正确答案就是[A]。事实上，regression本身就是指“退化，衰退到不完美或较不发达的状态”。有些考生误选了[B]项，多是因为没有掌握好选项中inclination(倾向，爱好，倾斜)这个词。其余两项中，[C]指“快速发展”，[D]指“意料之外的恢复”。

48．[D]。细节题。对应的信息位于第四段第一句．．．．started listening to the Italian pop band“883”，即他患病前认为流行音乐“纯属噪音”，而患病后却开始听起了流行音乐。而在该段第二句又进一步说明：hE continued to listen to the band at full volume for many hour a day(他每天都把音量开到最大，持续听该乐队韵音乐数小时)。能概括这一情况的是[D]：他开始喜欢听响亮的意大利流行音乐。其余各项都与此不符。

49．[C]。细节题。对应的信息位于第五段第二句：And other studies…gain new talents(其他的研究已经表明前颞痴呆症患者有时会获得新的才能)。该句前一段所举律师和主妇的例子、该句后补充列举的患例都是说明前颞痴呆症会让患者获得新的才能，因此本题答案就是[C]。其余各项都与原文不符：[A]项与第三段第三句中的Both had undamaged memories…一处不符；[B]项与第二段第一句中的因果关系相反；[D]与第五段第一句中…was not seen in any of the Alzheimer’s patients一处不符。

50．[D]。细节题。对应的信息位于最后一段第四句：Alternatively，the damage…to appreciate certain kinds of music(这一损伤可能选择性地影响了某些特定的、用于欣赏某些音乐种类的神经系统)。其他各项均与原文不符：[A]指“人类的猎奇渴望”，只是抓住了原文中novel experiences一处进行发挥，它显然不是病人改变音乐品味的原因；[B]指“左侧大脑损伤”，它具有一定的迷惑性，但原文说的是(damage)to the latter，而latter指的则是前面所说的the left fontal lobe(左大脑前叶)，因此属于概念扩大；[C]指“由右大脑前页占主导转向左大脑前叶占主导”，则正好与最后一段第三句前半部分的意思相反。

Text 3

51．[D]。细节题。本题为细节比对题。[A]项与第一段第三句话不符；[B]项与该段第四句话中的 more determined than discouraged不符；[C]项与该段第二句中的the world’s first liver transplant不符；只有[D]项与该段第一句及第四句表达的意思一致。

52．[A]。分析推理题。第一段最后一句指出，Dr Starzl和同事们开发了新技术来减少手术中的大出血并用更好的方法来防止受体免疫系统对器官的排斥。由上下文及常识可知大出血肯定是使接受器官移植手术者死亡的一个原因，选[A]。其余三项都不对。

53．[B]。细节题。答案信息对应于第二段最后一句：The problem is that fewer than 20 percent become donors，即器官不足的原因是只有20％的死者成为器官捐赠者，与[B]一致。

54．[C]。分析推理题。文章第三段最后一句引用专家的观点，指出最大的障碍是医生没有要求捐赠，反过来即可推知，专家们认为如果医生更多地要求捐赠，那么那些意外死亡的人可能就会捐赠出器官，从而使得可用器官增加，因此[C]对。

55．[D]。主旨题。文章论述的主要是美国器官移植的现状，它所面临的器官短缺问题及可能的解决办法，因此最能概括全文主旨的标题应当是包含了这两个方面的[D]项。

Text 4

56．[C]。主旨题。通读全文可知，文章介绍的主要是纽约从一个小城市变成美国最大城市的过程，分沂了这一过程中地理位置、交通等方面所起的作用，因此最能概括这一主旨的标题是[C]。

57．[A]。细节题。文章第二段第一句即指出：we must consider certain facts about geography，history and economiCS而后文也正是从这三个方面来进行说明的，惟一未涉及的是文化方面的原因，因此选[A]。

58．[A]。细节题。[A]对应于第五段倒数第二、三句并与之相符；[B]与第四段第一句的意思不符；[C]与第五段第二句中的slow意思正好相反，由常识也可知它不对；[D]与第七段第一句的意思不符。

59．[C]。分析推理题。文章第六段第一、二句指出，(Erie)运河立即产生了作用，货运价格降低到了原来的l0％。由这两句之间的逻辑关系可推知是运河使得货运价格下降，因此选[C]。

60．[B]。细节题。答案信息对应于第九段第二句。[B]与这一句完全一致。

Part B

61．他建议说，教育应当从一般概念开始，然后再涉及细节，而且书本-知4XX有在能够被人的感觉把握之后，才能真正吸收。

本题考查的主要是从句的理解和准确翻译。在结构上，句子主干是He rec01TlInended，其后的部分是两个由that引导的并列宾语从句。这两个宾语从句都比较特殊，因为从句中都省略了助动词should。第一个宾语从句含有两个并列的谓语动词：start with…和move to，翻译时要注意表明其时间上的顺序。第二个宾语从句中又含有一个由unless引导的让步状语从句，这种情况一般要按中文习惯将从句翻译到主句之前。词汇方面，一是the general和the particular不好翻译，建议考生按照我们的习惯说法将其翻译成“一嘲和“特殊”(或者“个别”)；二是a demonstration to the senses不太好理解，应当根据上下文来确定其含义。 sense在这里是指人实实在在的“感觉”，而非“意思”。

62．他向教师和其他一些诸如在政府和商业机构中负有教育义务的人指出，应当有序地教授所学内容。

本题考查的是从句和插入语这一特殊表达的理解和翻译。句子主干是He stated…that…，其中 that引导的是一个宾语从句。在这个从句之前有一个插入语such as…and commerce，这是一个难点，因为许多考生认为它修饰的是responsibilities而出现了误译。事实上，其中有those一词，且90vernment and commerce是两种机构，据此可知它修饰的应是前面所说的others，它和with educational responsibilities都是 others的后置定语。而宾语从句中的to be learned则是facts的后置定语。词汇方面，主要是根据中文习惯准确理解和翻译there should be an orderly presentation of the facts to be learned这个静态的there he句型。由于短文主旨是教育，因此完全可以将其意译成“有序地教授所学内容”。

63．他在作品中论述了个体差异以及需要根据所有学生调整教育方式，特殊教育领域内一些教育工作者和学校教育心理学家的工作正是基于这样一种思想。

本题考查的主要是词汇的翻译。在句子结构上，本题并不复杂，它由两个并列简单句构成：He wrote…and anticipated…，不含从句，翻译时直接按照原文顺序来即可。词汇方面，首先是wrote一词，在此应理解成“书面论述”或“在作品中论述”；其次，the need to adjust instruction for all students应当按照中文习惯翻译成一个动宾结构，而不宜翻译成偏正结构；再次，anticipate在文中出现了多次，属于影响考生理解的关键性词汇——它的本义指“领先”，但在本文中的基本意思是指某人倡导了某种思想并由后人加以秉承，故翻译时应仔细斟酌；最后，in the area…是一个介词限定结构，应根据中文习惯将其翻译成定语。

64．Vives是当代研究学习动机的理论家和研究测试的学者——前者提出，学习者应当避免在社会层面进行比较，而后者则认为建立在规范内容基础之上的测试往往弊大于利——的先驱。

本题考查的是both…and…这个表达、定语从句以及词汇的理解和翻译。在句子结构上，句子主干是Vives anticipated…，而both…and…引导的是两个并列宾语。两个宾语中都含有一个由who引导的定语从句。词汇方面，contemporary指的是“当代的，现代的”；motivational theorist指的是“动机理论家／者”，即研究学习动机的理论家；the harmful elements本义指的是“有害因素”，此处可根据其与后文中 advantages之间的对立关系将其译成“缺点”或者“不足”norm-referenced指的是“建立在规范基础上的”。65．因此，在我们宣称自己是研究教育心理的专家之前，早就有一些人睿智地思考过我们最终会称之为教育心理学的学科，铺下了用科学方法研究教育的道路。

本题主要考查从句、动词的非谓语形式以及词汇的理解和翻译。句子主于是there were individuals，其前的long before…是一个时间状语从句，而其后的两个-ing形式中，thinking…是individuals的分词后置定语，而preparin9…则是一个分词状语，表结果。在分词后置定语中，又含有一个由what引导的宾语从句。在词汇上，long before指“很早以前”，we claimed our professional identity的意思是我们认为自己很专业，丽prepare the way for指“为…铺下道路，为…打下基础”。

Section IVWriting

66．写作要点：

(i)本题属于结合提纲式和图画作文两种特点的写作题，因此考生在作文时，也应有意识地将这两种形式的写作方法结合起来，进行审题立意、结构构思和行文。

(ii)此类写作的关键在于领悟图画的深层含义，并将其与社会现实结合起来，进行言之有物的分析和评述。近年来，这一级别考试中的写作题一直偏爱反映社会问题的图画作文，因此考生应多积累相应的写作方法甚至写作模板。

(iii)对于反映社会问题的图画作文，考生一般应当结合现实和自己对该问题的认识，提出切实可行的解决办法。

参考范文：

In the picture，a man who fixes his eyes on the tiny sesame in his hand looks quite merry．Behind him is a big watermelon，which is thrown away on the ground by the man．The picture also tells US that the sesame represents the economic profits while the watermelon symbolizes the environmental protection．

What a thought-provoking picture it is!It’S true that nowadays many decision-makers tend to put the pursuit of economic profits above all and ignore the environmental protection，just like the mall in the picture．No doubt it is a short-sighted behavior．As we all know，a polluted environment will do US no good in the long run．For example，environmental pollution may cause serious problems，such as contaminated drinking water，food scarcity and loss of biodiversity．These problems require large sums of money to deal with．So it is useless to pursue economic profits at the cost of the environmental pollution．What’S more，if we continue to consume and destroy the limited natural resources just to develop our current economy，in the end we will suffer the disasters caused by ourselves．

Then what should we doAs far as I’m concerned，the economic benefits should be based on theenvironmental protection．Decision-makers should bear in mind that in no case can we destroy theenvironment，which is our home．We should live in harmony with the environment．We should try ourbest tO obtain maximum economic results at minimum costs by protecting the environment andmaintain the sustainable development of economy．

SectionIListeningComprehension(30minutes)Directions：ThissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspokenEnglish．Youwillhearaselectionofrecordedmaterialsandyoumustanswerthequestionsthataccompanythem．Therearethreepartsinthissection,PartA，PartBandPartC．Remember，whileyouaredoingthetest，youshouldfirstputdownyouranswersinyourtestbooklet．Attheendofthelisteningcomprehensionsection，youwillhave5minutest